EAT JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE
The misnamed Jerusalem artichoke has no real link with Jerusalem, and isn't related to other artichokes. It looks a bit like a knobbly pink-skinned ginger root and has a sweet, nutty flavour, reminiscent of water chestnuts.
Although not widely used (perhaps because of its awkward appearance or potentially anti-social effects - see NUTRITION), it is an inexpensive and versatile food that can be used both raw and cooked and makes a delicious soup
HISTORY
Jerusalem artichokes are native to North America. The French explorer Samuel de Champlain brought them to Europe after coming across them at Cape Cod in 1605. He described them as tasting like artichokes, and is likely to be responsible for this part of their name. The Jerusalem part is thought to be derived from girasole, the Italian for sunflower to which they are related. Another theory suggests the name is a corruption of Terneuzen, the Dutch city from where the root was introduced to England in 1616.
BIOLOGY
The Jerusalem artichoke plant (Helianthus tuberosus) is related to the sunflower and produces edible tubers. It is hardy and grows readily in cold climates.
TIPS
BUYING
Roots should be free from soft spots, wrinkles or sprouting. Knobbles
and uneveness are unavoidable (and not indicative of quality), but smoother,
rounder artichokes are easier to prepare.
STORING
Jerusalem artichokes will keep for a couple of weeks in the fridge.
PREPARING
Like potatoes, Jerusalem artichoke can be served with or without the skin
- scrub clean and leave it on for maximum nutritional benefit.
Cook as you would potatoes - roast, sauté, bake, boil or steam. If peeling or cutting, drop pieces into water with a squeeze of lemon juice to prevent discolouration. Unlike potatoes, Jerusalem artichoke can also be used raw (e.g. in salads) or lightly stir-fried.
MISCELLANY
Jerusalem artichokes are used in the industrial production of fructose, which is derived from the inulin content of the vegetable.